Legal Requirements & Documentation
Spain’s immigration rules in 2026: what has changed for expats
Updated: October 2026
Spain has changed its immigration rules more in the last two years than in the previous decade. A new immigration regulation came into force in May 2025, the golden visa was abolished, and in 2026 the government ran a one-off regularisation for people living in Spain without papers. Here is an overview of what applies now and what it means for you.
The new immigration regulation (since 20 May 2025)
Royal Decree 1155/2024 replaced the old regulation and still sets the rules in 2026. The main changes:
- Arraigo (settlement through ties): the required stay in Spain was cut from 3 to 2 years, and there are now five types – social, socio-labour, socio-training, family and “second chance”.
- Permit lengths: most first residence permits are issued for 1 year, and renewals are now longer – often 4 years.
- Students: can work up to 30 hours a week and move more easily to a work permit after their studies.
- Job-search visa: valid for 12 months, giving more time to find work in Spain.
- Family: the definition of family for reunification was widened, and family members of Spanish citizens have their own residence route.
- Self-employed: clearer rules and the possibility to combine employed and self-employed work.
Golden visa abolished
Since April 2025 it is no longer possible to get a residence permit by buying property worth €500,000 or more. Existing golden visa holders can renew under the old rules. Investors now need to look at other routes, such as entrepreneur or highly qualified permits.
The 2026 extraordinary regularisation
In April 2026 the government approved a one-off regularisation for people who were living in Spain before 1 January 2026 without legal status and met conditions on time in Spain, a clean criminal record and work, family or vulnerability. Applications were accepted for a limited period in spring and summer 2026. Those approved received a one-year residence and work permit, which can later be converted into an ordinary permit.
What has not changed
- EU citizens still only need the green EU registration certificate if they stay more than 3 months.
- Digital nomads still apply under the Startup Law – the income requirement rises with the minimum wage each year. See our 2026 guide.
- Long-term residence is still possible after 5 years of legal residence.
FAQ: immigration rules in Spain
How long must I live in Spain to apply for arraigo?
Under the new regulation, generally 2 years of continuous stay, plus the specific conditions of the type of arraigo you apply for.
Can I still apply for the 2026 regularisation?
No. It was a one-off process with a fixed application period in 2026. Other routes, such as arraigo, remain open.
Does my old permit still count?
Yes. Permits issued under the old regulation stay valid until they expire. Renewals are processed under the new rules.
Is there still a visa for investors?
The property-based golden visa is gone, but entrepreneur and highly qualified professional permits under the Startup Law still exist.
Related guides
- Residency in Spain 2026 – step by step
- Work visa and work permit in Spain
- Ministry of Inclusion, Social Security and Migration
Disclaimer: This article is general information only and not legal advice. Immigration rules change often – always check with Extranjería or a qualified immigration lawyer before you apply.
